This paper aims to analyze the bureaucracy design and the implementation of affirmative action policies in Brazil’s State Public Defender’s Offices. Based on research about affirmative action in the public bureaucracy, we intend to reflect on the process of implementing vacancy reservations in public defenders' career in this public service and for the formation of specialized centers in these institutions. To develop the argument a case study of qualitative approach was carried out, based on the search and analysis of documents. The findings presented are intended to contribute to the formation of the profile of the personnel of this institution and to the promotion of policies and actions that result in increased ethnic and racial representativeness in the justice system.